CCSS3 Unit 3: Population
Part 1: Evolution + Distribution of Global
Population p.46
-World pop. = 6 Billion
(6,000,000,000); est. 12 Billion by year 2100
-Population growth varied:
1. Slow til 19th
century
2. Faster after 19th
c. b/c of sanitation/healthcare
3. Post mid-20th
c. lower in richer countries, still high in poor countries
-Population Density=
relationship between population + size of place
- divide # of inhabitants
by total land area: express as inhabitants/km2
-uneven b/c of:
1.physical
factors
-geography
-weather
2.
human factors
-job
opportunities
-politcal
(in)stability
Part 2: Natural Population Change p.48
can increase/decrease in pop. b/c of biological
factors (birth, death)
1. Natality: Birth rate
BR = (births / total population) x
1000
-divide
total births in area per year by total population; multiply by 1000
-expressed
as per thousand
2. Mortality: Death
rate
DR = (deaths / total population) x
1000
-
same as
birthrate, but with deaths
-
expressed as
per thousand
3. Natural Increase (NI) = number of births minus number of deaths
Ex: in the U.S.A in 2008 4,248,000
babies were born and 2,473,000 people died, so:
NI = 4,248,000 –
2,473,000 = 1,775,000
4.Rate of Natural
Increase (RNI) = the rate at which the population is growing (expressed as a percent)
You can find it 2 different ways:
RNI = (BR-DR)/10
or
RNI = ((#of births - # of deaths)/ total population) x 1000
Part 3: Population Movement p.50
Regular Population
Movements
1.
Commuting – for work/study
2.
Free time/Leisure – holidays
Migration – change
residence + job
-internal
= same country
-external
= another one
-emigration
(from)
-immigration
(t0)
Part 4: Population Structure
-Classifying populations
based on:
AGE:
3 age groups:
-young
(0-14)
-adults
(15-64)
-elderly
(65+)
SEX:
more boys born but girls live longer
ECONOMIC
ACTIVITY: distinguish between:
-active
population: ppl. of working age, employed + unemployed
-inactive
population: ppl. who can’t work (minors, retired) or those not looking for jobs
(stay-at-home parents)
Part 5: The Population of Spain p.52
-46million + people
-average pop. density =
91.22 ppl/km2
5.1 Population Distribution
-Pop. = unevenly
distributed across Spain:
1. Densely populated
areas:
-Madrid
-Iberian Penn. Periphery
-both archipelagos
-Provinces w/ 350+ ppl/km2:
Madrid
Barcelona
Vizcaya
Guipúzcoa
2. Low density areas:
-interior of Peninsula
-Provinces w/ lowest
pop.density (<10 ppl/km2):
Soria
Teruel
3. Within provinces:
-higher density in
capitals/important cities
-mountain/farmland/weak
economic areas = almost uninhabited
5.2 Natural Population Change p.53
- Birth Rate (Natality) = # of births in a population over a year (expressed
out of 1000)
BR = (births / total
population) x 1000
- Death Rate (Mortality) = # of deaths in the population over a year
(expressed out of 1000)
DR = (deaths / total
population) x 1000
- Natural Increase = # of births minus the # of deaths (expressed
as a percent)
NI = ((BR – DR)/ total population) x 100
-Post 1980 drop in BR
(9.1% 1998) b/c of:
-Ppl.
marrying later
-women
working
-single
person homes + single parents have increased
-Post 2000 BR has
increased (now 11.38%) b/c of:
-immigration
-DR low (8.47%)
-Infant Mortality Rate low
(3.54%)
-RNI:
1980: .75%
1998: .01%
1999- started to rise b/c
of rising BR
today: very low = .29%
5.3 Migration p.54
Internal Migration in
Spain
1. Rural exodus is at a
minimum
2. lots of ppl. have moved
to satellite towns outside big cities
3. Retirees gone to coast
Foreign Immigrants
-High in number
-European: Romania,
Bulgaria
-Africa: Morocco, Algeria
-go to Cataluña, Comunidad de Madrid, Comunitat Valenciana, Andalucía
+ Illes Balears
5.4 Population Structure
-by sex : normal
-by age: aging (elderly
increasing)
-labor force: 59.8%
-unemployment: very high
(esp. women + young ppl.)
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